Ganglion Cysts(Fluid-filled Joint Lumps)

Comprehensive guide to understanding and managing ganglion cysts through evidence-based treatment options and conservative management strategies.

70%

Occur in women

20-40

Peak age range

50%

Resolve naturally

Benign

Non-cancerous

Understanding Ganglion Cysts

What are Ganglion Cysts?

Ganglion cysts are fluid-filled lumps that develop along tendons or joints, most commonly on the wrist. They contain a jelly-like fluid similar to joint fluid.

Key Characteristics:

Benign (non-cancerous)
May fluctuate in size
Often painless
Connected to joint or tendon

Common Symptoms

Visible lump or bump
Size changes with activity
Mild discomfort or aching
Weakness in grip (if large)
Numbness (if pressing on nerve)

Types of Ganglion Cysts

Dorsal Wrist Ganglion

Back of the wrist • 60-70% of all ganglion cysts

Characteristics:

Visible bump on wrist back
May fluctuate in size
Often painless
Worse with activity

Treatment Approach:

Observation, aspiration, or surgical removal

Volar Wrist Ganglion

Palm side of wrist • 15-20% of all ganglion cysts

Characteristics:

Near radial artery
May cause nerve compression
Less visible than dorsal
Can affect pulse

Treatment Approach:

Careful evaluation due to artery proximity

Finger Ganglion

Fingers and thumb • 10-15% of all ganglion cysts

Characteristics:

Often at DIP joints
May affect nail growth
Can be painful
Associated with arthritis

Treatment Approach:

Conservative management or minor surgery

Treatment Options

Observation (Watch and Wait)

Many ganglion cysts resolve spontaneously

Best For:

Painless cysts
No functional impairment
Recent onset

Success Rate:

40-50% resolve naturally

Aspiration

Needle drainage of cyst fluid

Best For:

Symptomatic cysts
Functional limitations
Patient preference

Success Rate:

30-50% recurrence rate

Surgical Excision

Complete removal of cyst and stalk

Best For:

Failed conservative treatment
Recurrent cysts
Nerve compression

Success Rate:

5-15% recurrence rate

Exercise Program

Range of Motion (Daily)

Wrist Flexion/Extension

Gentle bending of wrist up and down

Sets: 3 sets

Reps: 10-15 repetitions

Frequency: 2-3 times daily

Wrist Circles

Gentle circular movements

Sets: 2 sets

Reps: 10 each direction

Frequency: 2-3 times daily

Strengthening (As tolerated)

Grip Strengthening

Squeeze therapy ball or putty

Sets: 2-3 sets

Reps: 10-15 repetitions

Frequency: Daily

Wrist Strengthening

Light resistance exercises

Sets: 2 sets

Reps: 10-12 repetitions

Frequency: 3-4 times per week

Prevention Strategies

Avoid repetitive wrist motions when possible

Use proper ergonomics at work

Take frequent breaks from repetitive activities

Maintain wrist flexibility with regular stretching

Use protective equipment during sports

Manage underlying joint conditions

When to Seek Medical Attention

Sudden increase in size or pain

Signs of infection (redness, warmth, fever)

Numbness or tingling in fingers

Loss of wrist or finger function

Changes in skin color over cyst

Rapid growth or multiple cysts

Wrist Braces

Support & protection

Ice Therapy

Pain & swelling relief

Therapy Tools

Exercise & strengthening

Hand Arthritis Wrist & Hand Conditions Overview

End of Wrist Section

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